Shopping on line can be easy, simple and save you lots of money. It can also take a lot of your time, frustrate you, and result in unwanted purchases. Now the same can be said for regular high street shopping, but with the vast opportunity presented by the Internet it will pay you to spend a few minutes reading this and understanding how to better optimize your Flight shopping experience:
1. Compare - without doubt the biggest advantage that the Flight offers shoppers today is the ability to compare thousands of Flight at a time. This is a great thing, but not necessarily all the time! Too much can be daunting at times so take advantage of the great comparison sites and where possible let them do the hard work for you.
2. Research - if it has been said it will be on the internet. Ignorance is no longer a justifiable reason for buying the wrong thing. Take the time to research in detail everything that you could possible want to know about
3. Testimonials - don't know anybody that has bought a Flight? Wrong! If the Flight is good the internet will let you know. Use the Internet as a friend and get testimonials before you buy.
4. Questions - Got a question about Flight then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....
5. Reputation - Never heard of the company selling Flight? Don't worry, no reason why you should know every company in the world, but you know someone that does! Use the internet to find out what people are saying about Flight and build up a picture of their reputation for sales, returns, customer service, delivery etc.
6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your Flight wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.
7. Feedback - happy with your Flight then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.
8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the Flight site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site
9. Contact - got a question about Flight, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.
10. Payment - ready to pay for your Flight, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.
Flight is the process by which an
object (physics) achieves sustained movement either through the air by aerodynamically generating
Lift (force) or
Lighter than air using buoyancy, or movement beyond
earth's atmosphere, in the case of
spaceflight.
Animal flight
The most successful groups of
Flying and gliding animals are insects,
birds, and bats. Each of these groups' wings evolution
Convergent evolution from different structures. See also Bird flight. Also successful were the extinct Pterosaurs, an Order (biology) of reptiles contemporaneous with the
dinosaurs.
Bats are the only mammals capable of true flight. However, there are several
Flying squirrel which are able to glide from tree to tree using fleshy membranes between their limbs; some can travel hundreds of meters in this way with very little loss in height. Flying tree frogs use greatly enlarged webbed feet for a similar purpose, and there are Draco blanfordiis which employ their unusually wide, flattened rib-cages to the same end. Certain snakes also use a flattened rib-cage to fly, with a back and forth motion much the same as they use on the ground.
Flying fish can glide using enlarged wing-like fins, and have been observed soaring for hundreds of meters using the updraft on the leading edges of waves. It is thought that this ability was chosen by natural selection because it was an effective means of escape from underwater predators.
Most birds fly (
see bird flight), with some exceptions. The largest birds, the ostrich and the emu, are earthbound, as were the now-extinct
dodos, while the non-flying
penguins have adapted their wings for use under water. Most small flightless birds are native to small islands, and lead a lifestyle where flight would confer little advantage. The
Peregrine Falcon is the fastest animal in the world; its terminal velocity exceeds 370 km/h (199
Miles per hour) in a dive.
Among living animals that fly, the wandering albatross has the greatest wingspan, up to 3.5 meters (11.5 feet); the
great bustard has the greatest weight, topping at 21
kilograms (46 pounds)http://www.trumpeterswansociety.org/id.htm.
Among the many
species of
insects, some fly and others do not (See
insect flight).
==Mechanical flight==
Mechanical flight is the use of a
machine, called an
aircraft, to fly. These machines include
kites, helicopters,
autogyros,
airships,
balloon (aircraft)s, and
spacecraft. Gliders provide unpowered flight. Another form of mechanical flight is parasailing. This occurs by a parachute like object being pulled by a boat.
The most common form of mechanical flight is aeroplane flight. Several steps are involved:
See aviation history and First flying machine for the history of mechanical flight.
Physics
Several forces are particularly important for flight:
- Air propulsion: (except in gliders)
- Lift (force): Created by wings
- Drag (physics): Created by airflow
- Weight: (created by gravity)
- Buoyancy: for lighter than air flight
==In fiction==In fiction, particularly
fantasy,
science fiction and comic books, many characters have the ability to fly without a vehicle, often attributed to supernatural or paranormal explanations.
- In Greek mythology Daedalus, the legendary Athenian craftsman and inventor, made wings for himself and his son Icarus out of wax and feathers to escape from King Minos of Crete. They flew away, but Icarus flew too near the sun. The wax of his wings melted and he fell into the sea and was drowned. Daedalus landed on the island of Aegean Sea (now known as Ikaria) and buried his son's body.
- Dumbo, the The Walt Disney Company-created elephant, employs his comically oversized ears as wings for flight.
- Charles M. Schulz's legendary cartoon dog Snoopy can fly by spinning his ears extremely fast above his head like a helicopter, or as he calls it, a whirlydog.
- Western dragons are depicted with wings.
- Superman is a superhero in comic books, cartoons, and films; flight is among the various superpowers he is portrayed to obtain from the yellow rays of Earth's sun. Most fictional comic book superheroes are said to fly by willpower or by telekinetically Levitation themselves. Jean Grey of the X-Men, for example, uses telekinesis to levitate above ground. Storm (Marvel Comics) of the X-Men flies by controlling the weather in her immediate vicinity. Magneto (comics) flies by magnetically polarizing the high electrolyte content in his blood against the Earth's (or the largest in proximity) natural magnetic field. Apocalypse (comics) can grant himself flight by morphing his arms into wings or jets. Also, some superheroes have wings, rather than willpower. For example, Archangel (comics) from the X-Men flies thanks to two feathery wings that come out of his back.
- In the 1995 film Slam Dunk Ernest, Jim Varney trademark character is granted the gift of flight by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar.
- Santa Claus has a sleigh pulled by flying reindeer.
- In the Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy books, Arthur Dent accomplishes flight by throwing himself at the ground and missing.
- Pegasus was a winged horse in Greek mythology who appears in, among other things, the 1980s film Clash of the Titans.
- In Bionicle storyline, a Kanohi mask called Kadin allows the user the ability to fly.
- In the popular Dragon Ball metaseries, Son Goku (Dragon Ball) and the other Z Fighters achieve the ability to fly by controlling and manipulating their chi energy.
- In the television series Heroes (TV Series) one of the main characters, Nathan Petrelli, has the capability to fly. His brother Peter Petrelli was able to absorb this ability and reproduced it.
- Miles "Tails" Prower from Sonic the Hedgehog (series) uses his two tails to propel himself and maintain temporary flight over short distances. Other fictional characters from this universe, like Rouge the Bat and Cream the Rabbit, can also fly.
See also
- Early aviation pioneers
- Methods of Attaining Flight
References
External links
- 'Birds in Flight and Aeroplanes' by Evoluntionary Biologist and trained Engineer John Maynard-Smith Freeview video provided by the Vega Science Trust.
- Jacqui Hayes: Bird wings evolved from biplane dinosaurs COSMOS magazine
- Early flight - State Library of NSW
- Learn to fly
Flight is the process by which an
object (physics) achieves sustained movement either through the air by
aerodynamically generating Lift (force) or
Lighter than air using
buoyancy, or movement beyond
earth's atmosphere, in the case of
spaceflight.
Animal flight
The most successful groups of
Flying and gliding animals are
insects, birds, and
bats. Each of these groups'
wings
evolution Convergent evolution from different structures. See also
Bird flight. Also successful were the extinct Pterosaurs, an Order (biology) of reptiles contemporaneous with the
dinosaurs.
Bats are the only
mammals capable of true flight. However, there are several Flying squirrel which are able to glide from tree to tree using fleshy membranes between their limbs; some can travel hundreds of meters in this way with very little loss in height. Flying tree frogs use greatly enlarged webbed feet for a similar purpose, and there are Draco blanfordiis which employ their unusually wide, flattened rib-cages to the same end. Certain snakes also use a flattened rib-cage to fly, with a back and forth motion much the same as they use on the ground.
Flying fish can glide using enlarged wing-like fins, and have been observed soaring for hundreds of meters using the updraft on the leading edges of waves. It is thought that this ability was chosen by natural selection because it was an effective means of escape from underwater predators.
Most birds fly (
see bird flight), with some exceptions. The largest birds, the
ostrich and the
emu, are earthbound, as were the now-extinct
dodos, while the non-flying penguins have adapted their wings for use under water. Most small flightless birds are native to small islands, and lead a lifestyle where flight would confer little advantage. The Peregrine Falcon is the fastest animal in the world; its terminal velocity exceeds 370
km/h (199 Miles per hour) in a dive.
Among living animals that fly, the
wandering albatross has the greatest wingspan, up to 3.5 meters (11.5 feet); the
great bustard has the greatest weight, topping at 21
kilograms (46 pounds)http://www.trumpeterswansociety.org/id.htm.
Among the many
species of
insects, some fly and others do not (See insect flight).
==Mechanical flight==
Mechanical flight is the use of a machine, called an
aircraft, to fly. These machines include
kites,
helicopters, autogyros,
airships,
balloon (aircraft)s, and spacecraft. Gliders provide unpowered flight. Another form of mechanical flight is parasailing. This occurs by a parachute like object being pulled by a boat.
The most common form of mechanical flight is aeroplane flight. Several steps are involved:
See aviation history and First flying machine for the history of mechanical flight.
Physics
Several forces are particularly important for flight:
==In fiction==In fiction, particularly fantasy,
science fiction and comic books, many characters have the ability to fly without a vehicle, often attributed to supernatural or
paranormal explanations.
- In Greek mythology Daedalus, the legendary Athenian craftsman and inventor, made wings for himself and his son Icarus out of wax and feathers to escape from King Minos of Crete. They flew away, but Icarus flew too near the sun. The wax of his wings melted and he fell into the sea and was drowned. Daedalus landed on the island of Aegean Sea (now known as Ikaria) and buried his son's body.
- Dumbo, the The Walt Disney Company-created elephant, employs his comically oversized ears as wings for flight.
- Charles M. Schulz's legendary cartoon dog Snoopy can fly by spinning his ears extremely fast above his head like a helicopter, or as he calls it, a whirlydog.
- Western dragons are depicted with wings.
- Superman is a superhero in comic books, cartoons, and films; flight is among the various superpowers he is portrayed to obtain from the yellow rays of Earth's sun. Most fictional comic book superheroes are said to fly by willpower or by telekinetically Levitation themselves. Jean Grey of the X-Men, for example, uses telekinesis to levitate above ground. Storm (Marvel Comics) of the X-Men flies by controlling the weather in her immediate vicinity. Magneto (comics) flies by magnetically polarizing the high electrolyte content in his blood against the Earth's (or the largest in proximity) natural magnetic field. Apocalypse (comics) can grant himself flight by morphing his arms into wings or jets. Also, some superheroes have wings, rather than willpower. For example, Archangel (comics) from the X-Men flies thanks to two feathery wings that come out of his back.
- In the 1995 film Slam Dunk Ernest, Jim Varney trademark character is granted the gift of flight by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar.
- Santa Claus has a sleigh pulled by flying reindeer.
- In the Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy books, Arthur Dent accomplishes flight by throwing himself at the ground and missing.
- Pegasus was a winged horse in Greek mythology who appears in, among other things, the 1980s film Clash of the Titans.
- In Bionicle storyline, a Kanohi mask called Kadin allows the user the ability to fly.
- In the popular Dragon Ball metaseries, Son Goku (Dragon Ball) and the other Z Fighters achieve the ability to fly by controlling and manipulating their chi energy.
- In the television series Heroes (TV Series) one of the main characters, Nathan Petrelli, has the capability to fly. His brother Peter Petrelli was able to absorb this ability and reproduced it.
- Miles "Tails" Prower from Sonic the Hedgehog (series) uses his two tails to propel himself and maintain temporary flight over short distances. Other fictional characters from this universe, like Rouge the Bat and Cream the Rabbit, can also fly.
See also
- Early aviation pioneers
- Methods of Attaining Flight
References
External links
- 'Birds in Flight and Aeroplanes' by Evoluntionary Biologist and trained Engineer John Maynard-Smith Freeview video provided by the Vega Science Trust.
- Jacqui Hayes: Bird wings evolved from biplane dinosaurs COSMOS magazine
- Early flight - State Library of NSW
- Learn to fly
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